Denier - Charlemagne Geneva

Features

Issuer	Unified Carolingian Empire
Kral	Charlemagne (Karolus) (768-814)
Type	Standart tedavül madenî paralar
Yıllar	771-793
Value	1 Denier (1⁄240)
Currency	Pound (751-843)
Composition	Gümüş
Ağırlık	1.14 g
Diameter	18 mm
Şekil	Yuvarlak (düzensiz)
Technique	Dövme
Orientation	Değişik hizalamalar ↺
Demonetized	Evet
Numara	N# 345759
Referanslar	Gariel Car# V/16 Ernest Gariel. Les Monnaies Royales de France sous la race Carolingienne. Imprimerie Typographique de G. Fischbach, Strasbourg, France (2 volumes). , Morrison# 256 Karl Frederick Morrison, Henry Grunthal; 1967. Carolingian Coinage / Volume 158. American Numismatic Society, New York City, New York, United States. , Depeyr Car# 108 Georges Depeyrot. Le numéraire carolingien (3 volumes). , Nouchy# 14 (p. 47) Patrick Nouchy; 1994. Les rois carolingiens de Francie occidentale: De Pépin le Bref à Louis V (751-987) = The Carolingian kings of West Francia. Éditions du Grenier Durocasse, Dreux, France. , Prou Car# – Maurice Prou; 1896. Les monnaies carolingiennes. Rollin & Feuardent, Paris, France.

Obverse

İki satırlık açıklama. Automatically translated

Script: Latince

Lettering:
CARO
LVS

Unabridged legend: CAROLUS

Reverse

Monogram olarak efsane. Automatically translated

Script: Latince

Lettering: IENVA

Unabridged legend: GENUA

Mint

Geneva, Switzerland

Comments

(en) The reverse of this coin is directly inspired by the one issued in Geneva by Pepin the Short (see link below), which has a G at the start of the legend, replaced here by three globules. The absence of this letter led Morrison and Grunthal to classify this coin among the indeterminate mints. Depeyrot meanwhile had attributed it to Avignon by turning the coin 180 degrees. This type is indeed a Geneva production, probably made in 773 during Charlemagne's stay in Geneva.

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Date					VG	F	VF	XF	AU	UNC
Undetermined
ND (771-793)

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