I don't collect error coins, I regard them as flawed and the error a big minus. That's just my personal view and I understand that many people find this enjoyable so who am I to say it ain't so.
From what little I do know about the subject, I reckon the key phrase when collecting error coins is "post mint damage" usually termed PMD. PMD coins it seems are the equivalent of forgeries and their creators are viewed with the same hostility.
The most common tactic is to simply hammer one coin into another and try to pass it off as a double strike. I have no idea how to detect it but experienced error collectors don't seem to have much trouble. There are genuine examples of coins struck on the wrong planchets, some of these are extremely rare, legenderary almost. 1965 dated US silver coins are rumoured to exist, struck on the leftover 1964 silver planchets using the 1965 dies.
If I was going to collect errors I think I would start by learning as much as possible about the minting process, what is possible, e.g. a coin improperly ejected being struck twice, die cracks are common, lamination errors, that type of thing. Also learn how the PMD fakes are made, e.g. using a blowtorch to remove the plating on a coin.
Anyway, here's an interesting error coin a UK 3913 George V penny. Look at the date, you might have to click on the picture to enlarge it. Neat huh?
Non illegitimis carborundum est. Excellent advice for all coins.
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